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Abstract
In recent decades, much research has been conducted in the context of domestic violence, especially violence against women and children; But in related to another form of domestic violence, or sibling abuse, not only has little attention been paid by researchers, but most parents also ignore their children's violent behavior toward each other as a common childish behavior. However, most of these cases have profound and destructive effects on children's social development and cognition, and consequently increase the likelihood of committing criminal behaviors. Among these, social and cultural factors are a hidden phenomenon that determines the shape of individual relationships in families. The present study describes the prevalence of sibling abuse with the aim of examining the economic, cultural and social contexts of student families.
     The survey study was conducted among 600 high school students in districts one and six of Mashhad using a researcher-made questionnaire in two sections: self-reported victimization and delinquency with Cronbach's alpha 0.918, and was conducted in the academic year 2020-2021. Data analysis shows that the cultural and social characteristics of families such as inadequate parental education, poverty and unemployment, affect the prevalence of sibling violence, and violence among students with lower levels of family background was more prevalent in compare to others.
    This study shows that social factors and cultural level within families affect the level of violence between children; therefore, if a society can strengthen the normative and cultural components of families through education and the media, it can improve the health of families. The Iranian legislature has taken an important step to combat this type of behavioral violence by passing the Child and Adolescent Protection Act 2020.
 
Keywords: Domestic Violence, Brother-Sister Abuse, Victim Self-Report, Crime Self-Report, Mashhad High School Students

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Rouzbahan Baghli is one of the major figures of 6^th century who has his own particular mystic language. His language shows a set of particular features like abstractness. The present article has taken into account the semiotic square theoretical framework in order to analyze his language as well as to yield a better understanding of his mystic experience. Accordingly, having taken into consideration his mystic language, the properties of his language will be analyzed in the light of semiotic square. This study reveals that among the current oppositions like contradiction, contrast and entailment, Rouzbahan’s language incline towards contrast. This is due to the fact that Rouzbehan generally speaks about major existential categories, which are completely contradictory in two poles. Thus, whenever he talks about his experiences, he sometimes intermingles the binary oppositions in a complex meta-term. As a result, he sometimes collects these binary categories and puts them together to create a "compound" term. Sometimes he rejects both categories and creates a "neutral" frequency, and sometimes a "positive indicator" by deleting both. Other meta-terms like neutral, complex, positive deixis, and nameless are the dominant indicators of his abstract language.
 

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A faunistic list of Syrphidae sampled in the agroecosystems of Neyshabur (Khorasan-Razavi Province) through Malaise, yellow water traps and hand net is hereby presented for the first time. A total of 22 species were collected, including 13 species through Malaise trap, 5 through yellow water trap as well as representatives of all species sampled through hand net. Among the species collected, 8 including phytophagous ones were exclusively sampled through hand net. In the case of Malaise trap the hover fly population was strongly dominated (73%) by 3 common species of: Sphaerophoria scripta, Episyrphus balteatus, and Eupeodes corollae while, in the yellow water trap, Episyrphus balteatus was the key species representing about 45% of all specimens. Shannon-Weiner index of biodiversity found out for Malaise trap (H= 1.86) was higher than that calculated for yellow water trap (H= 1.39). The relative efficiency of the three collection methods is discussed.

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Measuring the welfare effects of energy subsidy reform is one of the most essential steps in determining the conditions and scenarios of energy price reform. Therefore, the main goal of this article is to survey how energy price reform affects the welfare of rural and urban households’ income deciles. This research uses the standard computable general equilibrium model based on legislated scenarios approved by Parliament in 2010. In addition, the supportive and income redistribution policies resulting from energy price reform are simulated and analyzed. The results show that rising energy prices leads to reduction in welfare of all urban and rural households especially in the lower income deciles. In addition, increasing energy prices causes more drop in the welfare of rural households in comparison with urban ones. Therefore, the supportive and income redistribution policies resulting from energy price reform under various redistribution scenarios considerably compensate the lost welfare of households.

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Compulsive buying is named the dark side of consumer behavior because it brings about long-term consequences such as debt, depression and family debates. Studies have shown that the compulsive buying is influenced by money attitude. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of money attitude on compulsive buying of youth. The required data was collected through questionnaires. The unlimited statistical population of this study included the young customers at modern Yazd malls, and the sample was determined 113 using Cochran’s formula. The collected data was analyzed using the structural equation modeling (SEM) approach based on Partial Least Squares (PLS) using PLS and SPSS softwares. This study is applicable and is regarded as a correlation study. The results indicated that money attitude, dimensions of power-prestige and anxiety has significant and positive effect on the compulsive buying, dimensions of retention-time and distrust has significant and negative effect on the compulsive buying.